- 1. Place Value and Partitioning: Adding by Breaking Numbers Apart
Read the place value of each digit, partition whole numbers into place-value parts, and add two or three numbers by matching hundreds, tens and units.
- 2. Number Bonds and Bridging: Making Tens and Hundreds
Recall number bonds to 10, 100 and 1000, add by bridging through a ten (making ten), and add numbers ending in 8 or 9 by compensation, remembering to adjust.
- 3. Subtraction Strategies: Take-Away, Difference and Counting On
Recognise subtraction as take-away and as difference, find a difference or change by counting on from the smaller number, and subtract numbers near a round figure by compensation.
- 4. The Column Method: Carrying and Borrowing for Bigger Numbers
Set out addition and subtraction in place-value columns, add with carrying and subtract with borrowing (including across zeros), and check the answer using the inverse operation.
- 5. Estimation, Checking and Word Problems: Choosing the Best Strategy
Estimate sums and differences by rounding and use them to check answers, decide add or subtract from the wording, and solve one- and two-step word problems choosing a sensible strategy.
